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Zone 10A Vegetable Planting Calendar
When can you plant in Zone 10A? In Zone 10A, outdoor sowing opens with cool-season crops like Lettuce and Spinach in January, and warm-season crops like Tomato follow after the ~January 30 last frost. The season runs about 319 frost-free days, until ~December 15. The calendar below scores all 35 crops month by month.
Scored per crop from your zone's frost dates, each crop's days-to-maturity, and typical soil temperatures — honestly, including when not to plant.
A zone caveat: USDA zones reflect winter lows, not summer heat — this calendar is a zone-level guide. For timing tuned to your exact zip code, sun, and soil, get your free AI garden plan.
- Last frost (50/50 date)
- ~January 30
- First frost (50/50 date)
- ~December 15
A single frost date is a coin flip dressed up as a fact: these are the 50/50 dates, and about half of years see frost past them. Across 4,330 NOAA stations, frost odds typically stay near 1 in 3 for about a week past the date and don't drop below 1 in 10 until roughly 16 days past it — cautious growers wait those two-plus weeks; gamblers plant on the date and keep row cover handy. The free AI plan reads the real percentile dates for your zip and lets you pick your risk.
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Plus a short what-to-plant-now note for Zone 10A each month.
| Crop | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cool-season crops | ||||||||||||
| Lettuce | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Spinach | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Kale | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Swiss Chard | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Arugula | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Carrot | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Radish | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Beet | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Broccoli | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Cabbage | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Cauliflower | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Peas | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Onion | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Potato | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Cilantro | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Parsley | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Fall-planted bulbs | ||||||||||||
| Garlic | Risky — possible with care | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Warm-season crops | ||||||||||||
| Tomato | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Pepper | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Eggplant | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Basil | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Zucchini | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Cucumber | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Bean | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Corn | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Risky — possible with care; Most of this zone sees 95°F+ midsummer heat — blossoms drop and fruit set stalls. Coastal gardeners with mild summers can proceed. | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Pumpkin | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Sunflower | Off-season — wait | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Heat lovers | ||||||||||||
| Okra | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Sweet Potato | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Watermelon | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Cantaloupe | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait | Off-season — wait |
| Perennial herbs | ||||||||||||
| Rosemary | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Thyme | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Oregano | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
| Chives | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Good — plant now | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Risky — possible with care | Good — plant now | Good — plant now |
When to Start Seeds Indoors vs. Direct Sow in Zone 10A
In Zone 10A, start Onion, Rosemary, Eggplant and other transplants indoors 5–10 weeks before your ~January 30 last frost, then set them out once it passes. Arugula, Bean, Beet and the other direct-sow crops go straight into the bed. Exact indoor start dates for every crop are below.
| Crop | How to start | Start seeds indoors |
|---|---|---|
| Onion | Start indoors, then transplantor plant sets for a shortcut | ~Nov 21 (10 wks before last frost) |
| Rosemary | Start indoors, then transplantpainfully slow from seed — a nursery plant is the honest shortcut | ~Nov 21 (10 wks before last frost) |
| Eggplant | Start indoors, then transplant | ~Dec 5 (8 wks before last frost) |
| Oregano | Start indoors, then transplant | ~Dec 5 (8 wks before last frost) |
| Pepper | Start indoors, then transplant | ~Dec 5 (8 wks before last frost) |
| Thyme | Start indoors, then transplant | ~Dec 5 (8 wks before last frost) |
| Sweet Potato | Start indoors, then transplantgrown from slips (sprouted tubers), not seed | ~Dec 19 (6 wks before last frost) |
| Tomato | Start indoors, then transplant | ~Dec 19 (6 wks before last frost) |
| Broccoli | Start indoors, then transplant | ~Dec 26 (5 wks before last frost) |
| Cabbage | Start indoors, then transplant | ~Dec 26 (5 wks before last frost) |
| Cauliflower | Start indoors, then transplant | ~Dec 26 (5 wks before last frost) |
| Chives | Either works | ~Dec 5 (8 wks before last frost) |
| Parsley | Either worksgermination takes 2–3 weeks — be patient | ~Dec 5 (8 wks before last frost) |
| Kale | Either works | ~Dec 26 (5 wks before last frost) |
| Basil | Either works | ~Jan 2 (4 wks before last frost) |
| Lettuce | Either works | ~Jan 2 (4 wks before last frost) |
| Okra | Either works | ~Jan 2 (4 wks before last frost) |
| Swiss Chard | Either works | ~Jan 2 (4 wks before last frost) |
| Cantaloupe | Either worksdirect sowing is simpler — cucurbits hate root disturbance | ~Jan 9 (3 wks before last frost) |
| Cucumber | Either worksdirect sowing is simpler — cucurbits hate root disturbance | ~Jan 9 (3 wks before last frost) |
| Pumpkin | Either worksdirect sowing is simpler — cucurbits hate root disturbance | ~Jan 9 (3 wks before last frost) |
| Watermelon | Either worksdirect sowing is simpler — cucurbits hate root disturbance | ~Jan 9 (3 wks before last frost) |
| Zucchini | Either worksdirect sowing is simpler — cucurbits hate root disturbance | ~Jan 9 (3 wks before last frost) |
| Arugula | Direct sow in the bed | — |
| Bean | Direct sow in the bedrots in cold, wet soil — wait for warmth | — |
| Beet | Direct sow in the bed | — |
| Carrot | Direct sow in the bedtaproot — never transplants well | — |
| Cilantro | Direct sow in the bedtaproot + quick to bolt — sow in place | — |
| Corn | Direct sow in the bed | — |
| Garlic | Direct sow in the bedplant cloves in fall | — |
| Peas | Direct sow in the bed | — |
| Potato | Direct sow in the bedfrom seed potatoes, not seed | — |
| Radish | Direct sow in the bed | — |
| Spinach | Direct sow in the bedresents transplanting — sow where it grows | — |
| Sunflower | Direct sow in the bedtaproot — sow in place | — |
Planting a fall garden? Count the indoor weeks back from your transplant date instead of the spring frost — the free AI plan's prep runway computes that per plant, including hardening-off days.
Zone 10A Planting FAQ
When is the last frost in Zone 10A?
Around January 30 — and that's the 50/50 date, not a guarantee: about half of years see frost after it. Cautious growers wait roughly two extra weeks; gamblers plant on the date and keep row cover handy.
When is the first fall frost in Zone 10A?
Around December 15 on average. Count backward from it when planning fall crops: a 70-day crop needs to be in the ground at least 10 weeks earlier, plus a buffer for shortening days.
When should I start seeds indoors in Zone 10A?
It depends on the crop's lead time: peppers ~Dec 5, tomatos ~Dec 19, broccolis ~Dec 26 — generally 5–10 weeks before the ~January 30 last frost. The seed-starting table on this page lists every crop.
How long is the growing season in Zone 10A?
Roughly 319 frost-free days, from about January 30 to December 15. Crops whose days-to-maturity fit comfortably inside that window are the reliable ones — the calendar above scores exactly that.
What vegetables can you grow in Zone 10A?
This calendar tracks 35 crops for Zone 10A — Lettuce, Spinach, Kale, Swiss Chard, and more — with honest month-by-month verdicts including when NOT to plant. For a layout tuned to your exact zip code and bed size, the free AI plan does the placing for you.
Get this calendar in your inbox
Plus a short what-to-plant-now note for Zone 10A each month.